Bacterial Spot
Xanthomonas euvesicatoria
Basic Details
Description
Taxonomy
Features
Translations
Basic Details
NameBacterial Spot
DescriptionBacterial spot causes dark, water-soaked lesions and scabby fruit on peppers and tomatoes. Identify yellowing margins early to prevent severe leaf drop and crop loss.
TypeBacteria
FamilyXanthomonadaceae
GenusXanthomonas
Taxonomy & Features
PhylumProteobacteria
ClassGammaproteobacteria
OrderXanthomonadales
Features
- A serious and widespread disease of tomatoes and peppers caused by various species of the Xanthomonas bacteria
- Characterized by small (3 mm), dark-tobrown, water-soaked, circular-to-angular spots on the leaves, often surrounded by a yellow halo
- As the disease progresses, the centers of the leaf spots may dry up and fall out, giving the leaves a 'shot-hole' or tattered appearance
- On fruit, symptoms begin as tiny raised black specks. These grow into large (5 mm), brown, raised, and scabby lesions that may be sunken in the middle
- Severely infected leaves eventually turn yellow and fall off (defoliation). This exposes the fruit to sunscald and weakens the entire plant
- The bacteria thrive in warm, humid conditions with splashing rain. They spread rapidly through water droplets, wind, and contaminated tools
- Bacteria enter the plant through natural openings (stomata) or through wounds caused by abrasion, wind damage, or insect feeding
- Can be seed-borne, meaning the bacteria survive on or inside the seed. It also overwinters in crop residue and on various weeds in the nightshade family
- Prevent by using certified disease-free seeds and transplants. Practice crop rotation (avoiding peppers/tomatoes for 2-3 years) and control weeds
- Apply copper-based bactericides early in the season, especially during rainy periods. Avoid overhead irrigation to minimize the spread of the bacteria
Names in Different Languages
Latin / ScientificXanthomonas euvesicatoria
English (Alternate)Bacterial leaf spot
Hindiजीवाणु युक्त धब्बा (Jivanu yukt dhabba)
Tamilபாக்டீரியா இலைப்புள்ளி (Bacteria ilaippulli)
Teluguబ్యాక్టీరియా మచ్చ తెగులు (Bacteria machha tegulu)
Malayalamബാക്ടീരിയൽ സ്പോട്ട് (Bākṭīriyaal spōṭṭ)
Kannadaಬ್ಯಾಕ್ಟೀರಿಯಾದ ಎಲೆ ಮಚ್ಚೆ ರೋಗ (Byāktīriyāda ele macce rōga)
Sanskritजीवाणु-बिन्दु (Jīvāṇu-bindu)
Bengaliব্যাকটেরিয়াল স্পট (Bacterial spot)
Frenchgale bactérienne
Russianбактериальная пятнистость (bakterial'naya pyatnistost')
Spanishmancha bacteriana
GermanBakterienfleckenkrankheit
